1.The Catcher In The Rye
‧(b) Initiation and Quest (Journey)
*Protagonist: Holden Caulfield ("holden"→hold down ; "caulfield"→caught) (象徵被束縛)
*Mr. Antolini→ the person who let Holden fall down with his hope
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Samuel Ullman (April 13, 1840 – March 21, 1924) was an American businessman, poet, humanitarian. He is best known today for his poem Youth which was a favorite of General Douglas MacArthur. The poem was on the wall of his office in Tokyo when he became Supreme Allied Commander in Japan. In addition, he often quoted from the poem in his speeches, leading to it becoming better known in Japan than in the United States.
YOUTH
Youth is not a time of life; it is a state
of mind; it is not a matter of rosy cheeks, red lips and supple knees; it is a
matter of the will, a quality of the imagination, a vigor of the emotions; it
is the freshness of the deep springs of life.
Youth means a temperamental predominance
of courage over timidity of the appetite, for adventure over the love of ease.
This often exists in a man of sixty more than a body of twenty.
Nobody grows old merely by a number of years. We grow old by
deserting our ideals.
Years may wrinkle the skin, but to give up
enthusiasm wrinkles the soul. Worry, fear, self-distrust bows the heart
and turns the spirit back to dust.
Whether sixty or sixteen, there is in every
human being's heart the lure of wonder, the unfailing child-like appetite of
what's next, and the joy of the game of living. In the center of your
heart and my heart there is a wireless station; so long as it receives messages
of beauty, hope, cheer, courage and power from men and from the Infinite, so
long are you young.
When the aerials are down, and your spirit
is covered with snows of cynicism and the ice of pessimism, then you are grown
old, even at twenty, but as long as your aerials are up, to catch the waves of
optimism, there is hope you may die young at eighty.
青 春
青春不是生命的一段時光，不是指紅潤的臉頰、紅撲撲的嘴唇和柔軟的雙膝；它是一種精神狀態，是指不懈的幹勁、豐富的想像力和滾燙的情懷。它是生命之源勃勃生機的湧泉。
青春意味著戰勝懦弱的那股大丈夫氣概和摒棄安逸的那種冒險精神。往往一個60歲的老者比一個20歲的青年更多一點這種勁頭。人老不僅僅是歲月流逝所致，更主要的是懶惰、不思進取的結果。
光陰可以在顏面上留下印記，而熱情之火的熄滅則在心靈上刻下皺紋。遺憾，恐懼，缺乏自信，會扭曲人的靈魂，並將青春化為灰燼。
論60歲還是20歲，你需要保持永不衰竭的好奇心，永不熄滅的孩提般求知的渴望和追求事業成功的歡樂與熱情。在你我的心底，都有一座無線電臺：它能在多長時間裏接收到人間萬物傳遞來的美好、希望、歡樂、鼓舞和力量的資訊，你就會年輕多長時間。
當天線倒塌時，你的精神就被玩世不恭和悲觀厭世的冰雪所覆蓋，你就會衰老下去，即使你才20歲；而你的天線巍然矗立著的時候，憑著高昂的樂觀主義，你就有希望80歲死去時仍然韶華不逝。
青春不是生命的一段時光，不是指紅潤的臉頰、紅撲撲的嘴唇和柔軟的雙膝；它是一種精神狀態，是指不懈的幹勁、豐富的想像力和滾燙的情懷。它是生命之源勃勃生機的湧泉。
青春意味著戰勝懦弱的那股大丈夫氣概和摒棄安逸的那種冒險精神。往往一個60歲的老者比一個20歲的青年更多一點這種勁頭。人老不僅僅是歲月流逝所致，更主要的是懶惰、不思進取的結果。
光陰可以在顏面上留下印記，而熱情之火的熄滅則在心靈上刻下皺紋。遺憾，恐懼，缺乏自信，會扭曲人的靈魂，並將青春化為灰燼。
論60歲還是20歲，你需要保持永不衰竭的好奇心，永不熄滅的孩提般求知的渴望和追求事業成功的歡樂與熱情。在你我的心底，都有一座無線電臺：它能在多長時間裏接收到人間萬物傳遞來的美好、希望、歡樂、鼓舞和力量的資訊，你就會年輕多長時間。
當天線倒塌時，你的精神就被玩世不恭和悲觀厭世的冰雪所覆蓋，你就會衰老下去，即使你才20歲；而你的天線巍然矗立著的時候，憑著高昂的樂觀主義，你就有希望80歲死去時仍然韶華不逝。
----------------------
3. antihero
The antihero or antiheroine is a leading character in a film, book or play who lacks the traditional heroic qualities such as idealism, courage, nobility,fortitude,moral goodness, and altruism.
Whereas the classical hero is larger than life, antiheroes are typically inferior to the reader in intelligence, dynamism or social purpose, giving rise to what Robbe-Grillet called “these heroes without naturalness as without identity”.[10]
The term is also sometimes used more broadly to cover Byronic heroes as well.
George Gordon Byron, 6th Baron Byron, later George Gordon Noel, 6th Baron Byron, FRS (22 January 1788 – 19 April 1824), commonly known simply as Lord Byron, was an English poet and a leading figure in the Romantic movement. Among Byron's best-known works are the lengthy narrative poems Don Juan and Childe Harold's Pilgrimage and the short lyric She Walks in Beauty. He is regarded as one of the greatest British poets and remains widely read and influential.
The Byronic hero is a variant of the Romantic hero as a type of character, named after the English Romantic poet Lord Byron. Both Byron's life and writings have been considered in different ways to exemplify the type. The Byronic hero first appears in Byron's semi-autobiographical epic narrative poem Childe Harold's Pilgrimage (1812–1818), and was described by the historian and critic Lord Macaulay as "a man proud, moody, cynical, with defiance on his brow, and misery in his heart, a scorner of his kind, implacable in revenge, yet capable of deep and strong affection".[1] Byron described Conrad, the pirate hero of his The Corsair (1814) as follows:
That man of loneliness and mystery,
Scarce seen to smile, and seldom heard to sigh— (I, VIII)
and
He knew himself a villain—but he deem'd
The rest no better than the thing he seem'd;
And scorn'd the best as hypocrites who hid
Those deeds the bolder spirit plainly did.
He knew himself detested, but he knew
The hearts that loath'd him, crouch'd and dreaded too.
Lone, wild, and strange, he stood alike exempt
From all affection and from all contempt: (I, XII)[2]
*The initial version of the type in Byron's work, Childe Harold, draws on a variety of earlier literary characte including Hamlet and Goethe's Werther (1774)
* other antiheroes(Byronic heroes):
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4.Brontë family
The Brontës were a nineteenth-century literary family associated with the village of Haworth in the West Riding of Yorkshire, England. The sisters, Charlotte (born 21 April 1816), Emily (born 30 July 1818), and Anne (born 17 January 1820), are well known as poets and novelists. They originally published their poems and novels under masculine pseudonyms, following the custom of the times practised by female writers. Their stories immediately attracted attention, although not always the best, for their passion and originality. Charlotte's Jane Eyre was the first to know success, while Emily's Wuthering Heights, Anne's The Tenant of Wildfell Hall and other works were later to be accepted as masterpieces of literature.
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She Walks in Beauty
She walks in beauty, like the night
Of cloudless climes and starry skies;
And all that's best of dark and bright
Meet in her aspect and her eyes:
Thus mellow'd to that tender light
Which heaven to gaudy day denies.
One shade the more, one ray the less,
Had half impaired the nameless grace
Which waves in every raven tress,
Or softly lightens o'er her face;
Where thoughts serenely sweet express
How pure, how dear their dwelling-place.
And on that cheek, and o'er that brow,
So soft, so calm, yet eloquent,
The smiles that win, the tints that glow,
But tell of days in goodness spent,
A mind at peace with all below,
A heart whose love is innocent!
And all that's best of dark and bright
Meet in her aspect and her eyes:
Thus mellow'd to that tender light
Which heaven to gaudy day denies.
One shade the more, one ray the less,
Had half impaired the nameless grace
Which waves in every raven tress,
Or softly lightens o'er her face;
Where thoughts serenely sweet express
How pure, how dear their dwelling-place.
And on that cheek, and o'er that brow,
So soft, so calm, yet eloquent,
The smiles that win, the tints that glow,
But tell of days in goodness spent,
A mind at peace with all below,
A heart whose love is innocent!
*in end rhyme
*Meet in her aspect and her eyes:與她四目相接
* she walks in beauty→ she is the beauty herself.
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"Rip Van Winkle" is a short story by American author Washington Irving published in 1819 as well as the name of the story's fictional protagonist. Written while Irving was living in Birmingham, England, it was part of a collection entitled The Sketch Book of Geoffrey Crayon, Gent.. Although the story is set in New York's Catskill Mountains, Irving later admitted, "When I wrote the story, I had never been on the Catskills."
*R.I.P. is an abbreviation for the Latin words requiescat in pace or its English equivalent "rest in peace".
*van: Dutch ancestry(荷蘭貴族後裔)
→Flanders(法蘭德斯畫派)
《荷蘭與法蘭德斯的巴洛克藝術》
十六世紀尼德蘭地區一直是屬於西班牙的統治範圍，但是北方諸省在經過長達八十年的獨立戰爭，終於在1581 年宣佈獨立，成立了荷蘭聯省共和國。因此，到了十七世紀，尼德蘭藝術開始分成為北方地區的荷蘭民族藝術，與南方的法蘭德斯藝術。
《荷蘭與法蘭德斯的巴洛克藝術》
十六世紀尼德蘭地區一直是屬於西班牙的統治範圍，但是北方諸省在經過長達八十年的獨立戰爭，終於在1581 年宣佈獨立，成立了荷蘭聯省共和國。因此，到了十七世紀，尼德蘭藝術開始分成為北方地區的荷蘭民族藝術，與南方的法蘭德斯藝術。
畫家：林布蘭﹝Rembrandt van Rijn, 1606 ~ 1669﹞
畫家：范戴克﹝Anthony van Dyck, 1599 ~ 1641﹞
7. The Glass Menagerie(玻璃動物園)
_1st_edition_cover.jpg)
The Glass Menagerie[1] is a four-character memory play by Tennessee Williams which premiered in 1944 and catapulted Williams from obscurity to fame.
*The play has strong autobiographical elements, featuring characters based on Williams himself, his histrionic mother, and his mentally fragile sister Laura. In writing the play, Williams drew on an earlier short story, as well as a screenplay he had written under the title of The Gentleman Caller.
*The characters and story mimic Williams's own life more closely than any of his other works. Williams (whose real name was Thomas) would be Tom, his mother, Amanda. His sickly and mentally unstable older sister Rose provides the basis for the fragile Laura (whose nickname in the play is "Blue Roses"
*character
A faded Southern belle, abandoned by her husband, who is trying to raise her two children under harsh financial conditions. Amanda yearns for the comforts from her youth and also longs for her children to have the same comforts, but her devotion to them has made her – as she admits at one point – almost "hateful" towards them.
*Runaway Hero
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8. Waiting for Godot
Waiting for Godot is an absurdist play by Samuel Beckett, in which two characters, Vladimir and Estragon, wait endlessly and in vain for the arrival of someone named Godot.[2] Godot's absence, as well as numerous other aspects of the play, have led to many different interpretations since the play's 1953 premiere. It was voted "the most significant English language play of the 20th century".[3]
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9.The Sorrows of Young Werther (novella中短篇小說)
The Sorrows of Young Werther is an epistolary and loosely autobiographical novel byJohann Wolfgang von Goethe, first published in 1774
*summary
----------------------------
10. tragic hero
the person who makes a wrong choice during life time (who has tragic flaw and hamartia)
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11. Robert Burns
*"Auld Lang Syne"
O my Luve's like a red, red rose
That’s newly sprung in June;
O my Luve's like the melodie
That’s sweetly play'd in tune.
As fair art thou, my bonnie lass,
So deep in luve am I:
And I will luve thee still, my dear,
Till a’ the seas gang dry:
Till a’ the seas gang dry, my dear,
And the rocks melt wi’ the sun:
I will luve thee still, my dear,
While the sands o’ life shall run.
And fare thee well, my only Luve
And fare thee well, a while!
And I will come again, my Luve,
Tho’ it were ten thousand mile.
* bonnie:美好，美女
* lass: 萊西(小女孩)
*Till a’ the seas gang dry, my dear And the rocks melt wi’ the sun:
到海枯石爛
-------------------------
Word
1.go dutch: 之所以用dutch(荷蘭)是源自於荷蘭人早期的孤傲行徑(tale story)
The Glass Menagerie[1] is a four-character memory play by Tennessee Williams which premiered in 1944 and catapulted Williams from obscurity to fame.
*The play has strong autobiographical elements, featuring characters based on Williams himself, his histrionic mother, and his mentally fragile sister Laura. In writing the play, Williams drew on an earlier short story, as well as a screenplay he had written under the title of The Gentleman Caller.
*The characters and story mimic Williams's own life more closely than any of his other works. Williams (whose real name was Thomas) would be Tom, his mother, Amanda. His sickly and mentally unstable older sister Rose provides the basis for the fragile Laura (whose nickname in the play is "Blue Roses"
*character
- Amanda Wingfield
- Tom Wingfield (runaway hero)
*Runaway Hero
- Tom Wingfield
- Huckleberry Fin
- Tom Sawyer
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8. Waiting for Godot
Waiting for Godot is an absurdist play by Samuel Beckett, in which two characters, Vladimir and Estragon, wait endlessly and in vain for the arrival of someone named Godot.[2] Godot's absence, as well as numerous other aspects of the play, have led to many different interpretations since the play's 1953 premiere. It was voted "the most significant English language play of the 20th century".[3]
---------------------
9.The Sorrows of Young Werther (novella中短篇小說)
The Sorrows of Young Werther is an epistolary and loosely autobiographical novel byJohann Wolfgang von Goethe, first published in 1774
*summary
The novel is in the form of a series of letters from Werther to his brother Wilhelm detailing his love for Lotte (Charlotte S.) despite her bethrothal and subsequent marriage to Albert. She has eight brothers and sisters and promised her deceased mother to marry Albert. He is a sensitive artist, poet, and lover of nature and Homer. He exhibits increasing obsession over this unrequited love and with thoughts of death and suicide, and is emotionally ill-equipped to get on with his life. When employed by an ambassador, he is rejected by the noble guests at a gathering as not of their class. His standard wear is a blue frock-coat and buff waistcoat and breeches [as Jerusalem wore at the time of his suicide]. As his obsession (and madness) deepens, he prefers the fictitious Gaelic poet Ossian over Homer, and prepares a translation. Lotte believes he is ill and begs him to leave her alone. Albert is uneasy with Werther and wishes he would visit less. Lotte finally asks that he not visit before Christmas Eve, but he comes anyway. She asks him to read to her his translation of the songs of Ossian. He reads out loud, she is moved to tears, he is overcome with passion and covers her lips with kisses-- she is horrified and banishes him from her presence forever. Werther later sends a servant with a note to Albert to borrow his pistols for a journey-- Albert instructs Lotte to give them to the servant. Later that night, Werther shoots himself.
10. tragic hero
the person who makes a wrong choice during life time (who has tragic flaw and hamartia)
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11. Robert Burns
*"Auld Lang Syne"
- CHORUS:
- For auld lang syne, my dear,
for auld lang syne,
we'll take a cup of kindness yet,
for auld lang syne.
And surely you’ll buy your pint cup!
and surely I’ll buy mine!
And we'll take a cup o’ kindness yet,
for auld lang syne.
and surely I’ll buy mine!
And we'll take a cup o’ kindness yet,
for auld lang syne.
- CHORUS
We two have run about the slopes,
and picked the daisies fine;
But we’ve wandered many a weary foot,
since auld lang syne.
and picked the daisies fine;
But we’ve wandered many a weary foot,
since auld lang syne.
- CHORUS
We two have paddled in the stream,
from morning sun till dine†;
But seas between us broad have roared
since auld lang syne.
from morning sun till dine†;
But seas between us broad have roared
since auld lang syne.
- CHORUS
And there’s a hand my trusty friend!
And give me a hand o’ thine!
And we’ll take a right good-will draught,
for auld lang syne.
And give me a hand o’ thine!
And we’ll take a right good-will draught,
for auld lang syne.
- CHORUS
O my Luve's like a red, red rose
That’s newly sprung in June;
O my Luve's like the melodie
That’s sweetly play'd in tune.
As fair art thou, my bonnie lass,
So deep in luve am I:
And I will luve thee still, my dear,
Till a’ the seas gang dry:
Till a’ the seas gang dry, my dear,
And the rocks melt wi’ the sun:
I will luve thee still, my dear,
While the sands o’ life shall run.
And fare thee well, my only Luve
And fare thee well, a while!
And I will come again, my Luve,
Tho’ it were ten thousand mile.
* bonnie:美好，美女
* lass: 萊西(小女孩)
*Till a’ the seas gang dry, my dear And the rocks melt wi’ the sun:
到海枯石爛
-------------------------
Word
1.go dutch: 之所以用dutch(荷蘭)是源自於荷蘭人早期的孤傲行徑(tale story)
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